A new treatment for liver cancer, which isolates the organ and protects healthy parts of the body, has been found to be effective in almost 90% of patients.
The procedure being pioneered in the UK at University Hospital Southampton involves using two small balloons to divert blood past the liver for an hour while delivering drugs directly into the organ.
The technique, known as chemosaturation therapy or percutaneous hepatic perfusion (PHP), allows doctors to administer much larger doses of drug than patients would receive with standard chemotherapy as it does not enter the bloodstream and cause unnecessary damage to healthy parts of the body.
Once the drug has been delivered, blood from the liver is drained from the patient and processed through a filtration machine to reduce toxicity before being returned to the patient via the jugular vein.
Dr Brian Stedman, a consultant interventional radiologist, said his team had performed 300 chemosaturation treatments in 100 patients whose form of eye cancer called ocular melanoma had spread to the liver.
In a study published in the journal Melanoma Research, the team found liver cancers were controlled in 88.9% of patients who had received chemosaturation therapy, with 62% of them surviving for a year and 30% after two years.
A spokesman for the PLANETS cancer charity, which helped fund the research, said the average length of survival in those studied was 15 months but, in some cases, ongoing cycles of chemosaturation therapy have almost removed patients’ cancers completely.
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He added: “However, despite being incorporated into the available treatment options by the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (Nice) last year, there is not currently an NHS-commissioned service.”
Dr Stedman, who is co-founder of PLANETS, said: “When we first trialled this treatment on two patients in 2012 I said that the development would be a landmark moment in cancer care and it really has proved to be, given these results.
“This treatment allows us to cut off an organ from the body for 60 minutes, soak it in a high dose of drug and then filter the blood almost completely clean before returning it, and its arrival was much-needed.
“The outlook for patients specifically suffering from cancer which has spread to the liver has been notoriously poor because the effect of standard chemotherapy is limited by the unwanted damage the drug causes to the rest of the body.
“Chemosaturation therapy offers the possibility of repeat intervention and these results demonstrate it offers excellent short and medium-term disease control with improved survival.”
Study co-author Neil Pearce, a consultant hepatobiliary surgeon and co-founder of PLANETS, said: “While we currently only have evidence for this treatment in liver cancer which has spread from the eye, these results may now open the door for future studies with other difficult-to-treat cancers affecting the liver and we are exploring the potential new research trials.
“There has also been some limited research and case reports in other cancers – including bowel, breast, pancreatic and neuroendocrine – from international centres which suggest potential benefit but would need to be more formally assessed in large clinical trials.
“But these findings show there is real potential for this treatment to extend to more common cancers, which is very exciting.”
